Laravel has two main route files: web.php for traditional web interfaces and api.php for RESTful APIs or mobile app endpoints.
web.php routes use web middleware group for features like session state, CSRF protection, and UI-focused functionalities.
api.php routes use the api middleware group designed for stateless API communication, including rate limiting and token-based authentication.
The URL prefixes differ between web.php (no default prefix) and api.php (automatically prefixed with /api) to differentiate between web routes and APIs.