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🔐 Understanding SAML, OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect
- SAML 2.0 is an authentication and authorization protocol for Single Sign-On (SSO) primarily in enterprises, using XML-based security assertions.
- OAuth 2.0 grants limited access to resources without exposing user credentials, commonly used for API access and delegated permissions.
- OpenID Connect (OIDC) is an authentication protocol on top of OAuth 2.0, providing ID Tokens for verifying user identities in a secure way.
- Identity Provider (IdP) authenticates users, while Service Provider (SP) is the application users want to access post-authentication.
- SAML 2.0 enables Single Sign-On in an enterprise setting, using a VIP pass analogy for employees accessing rides in an amusement park.
- OAuth 2.0 allows delegated access, likened to borrowing a friend's car, focusing on authorization rather than authentication.
- OpenID Connect combines authentication and authorization, offering a digital ID with photo verification, suited for modern apps.
- SAML is ideal for enterprise SSO, OAuth 2.0 for third-party API access, and OIDC for social login and modern web apps.
- Understanding these protocols is vital for secure interactions, with OIDC being more lightweight and suited for contemporary applications.
- SAML, while widely used in enterprises, is being replaced by OIDC due to its flexibility and compatibility with modern apps.
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