The Virtual DOM (VDOM) is a lightweight JavaScript object that represents the actual DOM (Document Object Model) in memory.
Instead of updating the real DOM directly, React updates the Virtual DOM, compares it with the previous version using diffing, calculates the minimum number of changes, and applies only those changes to the real DOM.
The real DOM is slow due to its tree-structured nature and heavy browser operations, while the Virtual DOM allows for better performance and faster updates.
Using the Virtual DOM in React helps developers achieve better performance, avoid manual manipulation of the DOM, build interactive UIs faster, and enables future features like Concurrent Mode and Server Components.