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A case for QLC SSDs in the data center

  • QLC technology provides a middle ground between HDDs and TLC SSDs, offering higher density, improved power efficiency, and cost efficiency.
  • HDDs are commonly used in data centers due to their lower cost and power footprint, but they lack performance growth, leading to I/O performance challenges.
  • Adoption of QLC flash has been slow due to historical limitations in drive capacity points, high cost, and limited write endurance.
  • QLC flash bridges the performance spectrum between HDDs and SSDs, catering to workloads that require performance levels around 10 MB/s/TB.
  • Expected advancements in QLC SSD density compared to TLC SSDs will lower acquisition and power costs at both drive and server levels.
  • Integration of QLC storage by Meta's storage teams with partners like Pure Storage and other NAND vendors is underway for improved reliability.
  • QLC drives offer higher byte density and power efficiency, requiring server enhancements like more performant CPUs, faster memory, and network subsystems.
  • Challenges in adapting Meta's storage software for QLC include scaling high throughput across CPU cores and sockets and optimizing read and write throughput differentials.
  • Investments in QLC flash production are expected to drive cost improvements, making QLC increasingly attractive for a wider range of data center workloads.
  • Meta aims to drive innovation and collaboration in the storage space to optimize cost, performance, and power for data center operations.

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