Using advanced data analysis techniques like crPlots, influence.measures, splines, gam, glm, lmer, rlm, bootstrapping, mice, selection, and cross-validation can lead to unbiased and reliable results.
Ignoring influential points or nonlinearity can result in biased estimates and overconfidence in results.
Assuming linearity can obscure true effects, leading to incorrect policy or business decisions.
Using OLS on counts or proportions violates distributional assumptions, producing nonsensical predictions.