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Choosing Between JWKS and Token Introspection for OAuth 2.0 Token Validation
- When validating access tokens in OAuth 2.0, the options of using JWKS or Token Introspection (RFC 7662) are common.
- JWKS validates JWTs locally by using public keys from the authorization server's JWKS endpoint.
- Token Introspection validates tokens (opaque or JWTs) by querying the authorization server; provides real-time status but requires a network call.
- Comparing factors like token type, performance, scalability, security, and use case can guide the selection between JWKS and Token Introspection.
- JWKS is suitable for high-traffic distributed systems with JWTs, while Token Introspection works well for centralized systems with opaque tokens and real-time revocation needs.
- A hybrid approach that combines JWKS and Token Introspection can optimize performance and handle various use cases effectively.
- For JWTs, JWKS provides fast and decentralized validation after caching keys, while introspection is preferred for real-time revocation checks.
- OAuth providers like Auth0, Google, Keycloak, and Okta offer support for both JWKS and introspection, allowing flexibility in implementation based on system requirements.
- Factors like token type, revocation criticality, performance needs, and provider support should drive the decision-making process when choosing between JWKS and Token Introspection for token validation in OAuth 2.0.
- Understanding the needs of the system in terms of token type, validation performance, revocation checks, and architectural setup is crucial in selecting the appropriate validation method for secure and efficient token handling.
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