You can create modal windows without JavaScript using only HTML and CSS.This tutorial explores leveraging CSS techniques like the :target pseudo-class and the "checkbox hack" for creating modals.Modal windows traditionally require JavaScript for triggering, hiding, and managing interactions.The :target pseudo-class changes styles based on navigation state, allowing for showing and hiding modals.The checkbox hack uses a hidden checkbox and :checked pseudo-class to toggle modal states.CSS properties like opacity, pointer-events, z-index, and transitions are essential for creating CSS-only modals.An example of building a basic CSS modal using the :target approach is provided with HTML and CSS code snippets.Another method discussed is the checkbox hack alternative for creating modals without changing URL and browser history.Enhancing modals with animations like slide-in and fade-and-scale effects can improve user experience.Considerations for modal responsiveness and accessibility are highlighted for better user interaction.