Closures are a cornerstone concept within JavaScript, integral to crafting sophisticated, maintainable, and performant applications.
A closure represents the unique combination of a function and its lexical environment, encapsulating access to the variables within its originating scope.
Practical applications of closures include encapsulating private state, dynamic function creation, event listeners and asynchronous callbacks, and stateful asynchronous operations.
Closures are indispensable in advanced JavaScript development, offering capabilities ranging from robust state management to modular function design.