Efficient garbage collection is crucial for Java application performance as outdated algorithms can't cope with the demands of modern computing.
Java garbage collection has evolved over the years to keep up with evolving IT trends, including hardware advancements and changing software requirements.
There are now multiple garbage collection (GC) algorithms in Java, each designed for specific purposes, including Serial, Parallel, CMS, G1, Z, and Shenandoah.
Future developments in GC include improved features for Z GC, throughput enhancements for G1 GC, footprint reduction, and the implementation of a new algorithm called N2GC.