When deploying a Django app using Gunicorn behind Nginx, a 502 Bad Gateway error may occur due to permission issues with the Unix socket file.
To resolve the error, ensure the correct permissions for the user running Gunicorn, remove any existing socket file, restart Gunicorn, add Nginx to the correct group if necessary, and verify Gunicorn's socket operation.
Steps include fixing socket file permissions, removing existing socket file, restarting Gunicorn, adding Nginx to the correct group, and testing the socket using curl.
Following these steps should help in serving your Django app without encountering 502 Bad Gateway errors.