<ul><li>Many systems evolve differently in reality than ideal scenarios, often necessitating multiple rewrites.</li><li>Systems typically move up one or two stages and remain there throughout their lifespan.</li><li>Avoiding full-application rewrites is crucial due to time and complexity concerns.</li><li>The journey of system evolution begins with a single server handling all tasks.</li><li>As a system grows, limitations emerge, such as overwhelmed servers and slower database querying.</li><li>Vertical scalability involves hardware upgrades without architectural changes.</li><li>Vertical scaling becomes costly and has limitations in terms of memory and CPU cores.</li><li>Functional partitioning involves separating services like web servers and databases onto different machines.</li><li>Horizontal scalability splits different components of a web app across multiple machines.</li><li>Global scalability involves distributing data centers worldwide for improved latency and disaster recovery.</li></ul>

From Single Server to Global Scale: A Journey Through System Evolution

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