The prometheus.yml configuration file is essential for setting up Prometheus to monitor metrics, define alerting rules, and group monitoring jobs.The global block in prometheus.yml establishes default values for the entire Prometheus instance, including scrape and evaluation intervals.The alerting block specifies where Prometheus should send alerts, usually to Alertmanager for handling notifications.The rule_files block lists files containing alerting and recording rules, while the scrape_configs block defines what to scrape and from where.