When you buy a CPU, the main consideration is the specifications of the processor, including cores, threads, clock speeds, and cache.
The more cores a CPU has, the better it is for multitasking and modern software, while threads determine how many tasks a CPU can conduct simultaneously.
Clock speed and instructions per clock (IPC) ratings also determine individual core performance.
Cache size is another important spec to consider, especially for gaming, where AMD's 3D V-Cache CPUs have drastically boosted CPU cache sizes.
When it comes to choosing between Intel and AMD processors, Intel has been stacking up on cores, while AMD has been opting for more cache and higher clock speeds.
Intel has been using a hybrid core structure in its processors since the release of Intel Alder Lake, while AMD has introduced the 3D V-Cache.
CPU naming conventions for AMD and Intel processors are confusing, but knowing the generation and the processor tier is important when picking the right CPU.
CPUs can also include integrated graphics chips, but they aren't typically powerful, and entry-level graphics chips can offer reasonable gaming performance.
Power and thermal demands are important considerations, as TDP ratings give you a rough idea of how much power the CPU will require from the power supply and the type of cooler you'll need to keep it within safe operating temperatures.
Socket compatibility is an essential consideration when buying a CPU, as most CPUs have a limited number of motherboards they can fit into.