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How Albert Einstein and John Bell inspired Artur Ekert’s breakthrough in quantum cryptography
- Artur Ekert won the Royal Society Milner Prize for “outstanding achievement in computer science” for his contributions to quantum communication and computation which transformed the field of quantum information science.
- Ekert is renowned for his 1991 invention of entanglement-based quantum cryptography.
- Quantum cryptography is essential for key distribution protocols and offers secure encrypted communication, unlike classical key distribution protocols.
- Ekert’s entanglement-based protocol is called E91 which has its roots in the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox, a theory developed by Einstein to show that quantum mechanics was “incomplete” in how it described reality.
- The quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols are commercially available, but the users and developers must ensure that they are implemented properly.
- Developers of protocols like Ekert are still fighting to close bell loopholes in QKD, the situation where classical phenomena could accidentally affect Bell test, giving a classical system appear quantum.
- Quantum solutions are not available for all cryptographical applications, making it essential to find new solutions to safeguard against unwanted parties.
- Artur Ekert’s scholarship has revolutionized the way cryptography and security protocols work.
- The challenge for developers of quantum cryptography remains significant.
- Further investigation in quantum cryptography could lead to an increased understanding of Bell tests and how classical phenomena can impact them.
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