Ethereum is a peer-to-peer network where thousands of computers, called nodes, communicate using shared rules.Ethereum nodes have two main parts: execution clients and consensus clients.The Ethereum execution layer uses two main networking protocol stacks to keep the network running: Discovery Stack and DevP2P Stack.When a new Ethereum node joins the network, it needs to find other nodes to connect with. This process is called discovery.Bootnodes are special nodes with hardcoded addresses in Ethereum clients.Ethereum nodes use peer discovery protocols to locate and connect with other nodes in the network.RLPx is a key protocol in Ethereum's DevP2P stack that helps nodes connect and communicate securely.After discovering peers, Ethereum nodes use the DevP2P stack starting with the RLPx protocol to establish secure communication.The Ethereum consensus layer ensures that all Ethereum nodes agree on the state of the blockchain, keeping everything in sync.In Ethereum's consensus layer, SSZ (Simple Serialization) is used instead of the usual RLP (Recursive Length Prefix) format.