React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces with a component-based architecture and a declarative approach.Next.js, a React framework, extends React's capabilities with server-side rendering (SSR) and static site generation (SSG) for improved performance.GraphQL provides a more efficient and flexible alternative to REST APIs, allowing for more precise data fetching.React Query simplifies asynchronous data fetching and caching, reducing boilerplate code and improving application performance.