India and 62 other countries on Friday voted in favour of the world's first-ever global carbon tax imposed on the shipping industry by the United Nations' shipping agency.
Starting 2028, ships will either have to shift to lower-emission fuels or pay a fee for the pollution they generate.
The tax could generate up to $40 billion by 2030, which will be used exclusively to cut emissions in the shipping industry, not for supporting climate action in developing countries.
Despite this breakthrough in global climate policy, carbon pricing is expected to reduce shipping emissions by only 10% by 2030, falling short of the IMO's target of at least 20%.