Softened Stance on Ukraine: G20 refrained from directly criticizing Russia for Ukraine war, instead emphasizing non-acquisition of territory by force.African Union Membership: The AU officially became a G20 member, boosting Global South representation.Transport Corridor Initiative: US, India, Saudi Arabia announced plans for Middle East-South Asia-Europe rail and port links.Climate Change Progress: G20 agreed to triple global renewable energy by 2030 and acknowledged the need to phase out unabated coal power.