Given a sorted array, convert it into a height-balanced binary search tree (BST) where the heights of left and right subtrees of any node differ by no more than 1.
To achieve a balanced BST, pick the middle element of the array as the root and repeat the process for each half recursively.
Elements before the middle become the left side of the tree, while elements after the middle become the right side.
This problem showcases the use of recursion to break down complex problems into smaller, manageable parts.