map() transforms each element of an array by applying a function and returns a new array with the transformed values.
filter() selects elements from an array based on a condition provided by a test function and returns a new array containing only the passing elements.
reduce() blends all elements of an array into a single output using a reducer function that combines each element with an accumulator.
map(), filter(), and reduce() are powerful higher-order functions in JavaScript that simplify array manipulation and make code cleaner and more readable.