PCI-DSS compliance in containerized systems requires secure handling of secrets like API keys, credentials, and certificates.
Common pitfalls include embedding secrets in images or passing them as environment variables, violating PCI-DSS controls.
Secure methods include injecting secrets at runtime, utilizing Docker secrets in Docker Swarm, and hardening Kubernetes Secrets in Kubernetes.
For enterprise scale or zero-trust environments, dedicated secrets management solutions like HashiCorp Vault or AWS Secrets Manager are recommended for advanced capabilities.