<ul><li>Modules in JavaScript allow developers to break down code into reusable, self-contained units, with each module encapsulating its own scope.</li><li>JavaScript supports two primary module systems: CommonJS and ES Modules (ESM).</li><li>While CommonJS is synchronous and widely used in older Node.js projects, ES Modules (ESM) are asynchronous, support static analysis, and work in both browsers and Node.js (Node.js 12 onwards).</li><li>ES Modules are the standardized, modern approach preferred for new projects due to features like browser support, tree shaking, and asynchronous loading. However, CommonJS remains relevant for legacy Node.js projects.</li></ul>

Module vs CommonJS in JavaScript: A Comprehensive Comparison

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