The basic design of urinals has remained similar for centuries, leading to issues like splashback in public restrooms.
A study in 2019 estimated that US urinals splash as much as 1 million liters of urine daily, posing hygiene and cleaning challenges.
New urinal designs, such as the 'Cornucopia' and 'Nautilus,' use fluid dynamics to minimize splashback and improve public health.
The designs were developed by an international team including researchers and students at the University of Waterloo.
Inspiration for the designs came from dogs' urination angles, leading to a solution resembling nautilus shells to reduce splashing.
Testing with dyed water jets showed that a surface intersecting urine streams at a low angle prevents splashback.
The new urinals reduced splashes to just 1.4% of the common North American design and are more accessible with versions for standing users and those with disabilities.
Replacing all US public urinals with designs like the Nautilus could save significant water and resources, enhancing sustainability and hygiene.
The project aims to reduce water usage for cleaning, save millions of liters of water per day, and improve public sanitation.
The innovative urinal designs offer potential benefits such as conserving resources, reducing costs, and enhancing public hygiene.