The European Union has introduced the AI Act, strongly based on the EU High Level Expert Group on AI's Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI.
The Act aims to balance containing potential harm produced by AI systems with supporting innovation, excluding national security concerns and military applications.
AI systems and models for scientific research are exempt until they enter real-world testing phase, while consumer protection and product safety laws apply to all AI-related products.
Individuals tinkering with AI outside of professional activity are not subject to the Act, and Member States can introduce additional regulations to support workers affected by AI systems.