<ul data-eligibleForWebStory="true">The article discusses using ROM.rb (Ruby Object Mapper) as an alternative to ActiveRecord in Rails applications.The Pain Points with ActiveRecord include performance issues, testability challenges, and maintainability concerns.ROM.rb offers explicit data layers, fast SQL operations, and decoupled business logic.Core concepts of ROM.rb include relations (new model structures), repositories (query layer), and changesets (write layer).Gradual adoption of ROM.rb in Rails involves steps like replacing models, rewriting controllers, and migrating queries.ROM.rb provides performance gains by eliminating lazy loading and callback issues compared to ActiveRecord.Recommendations on when to stick with ActiveRecord include for prototyping, simple CRUD apps, and teams resistant to change.