Securing communication between microservices is crucial in modern architectures to protect data and maintain trust boundaries.Mutual TLS (mTLS) authentication ensures only authorized services can communicate by verifying identities and encrypting data.Steps involve generating certificates, configuring Spring Cloud Gateway, enabling mTLS in microservices, and deploying to Kubernetes.Best practices include regular certificate rotation, dedicated CA usage, monitoring TLS handshake failures, and keeping truststores updated.