A set is a unique unordered collection, which provides efficient item existence checks compared to arrays.Using sets can enhance computational efficiency and reduce memory overhead by storing only unique elements.Sets in Ruby are implemented using hashes, offering constant time lookup regardless of set size.Sets ensure guaranteed uniqueness, offer performance advantages, and support mathematical set operations.To start using sets in Ruby, you need to add the 'set' library, as sets are part of the standard library.Sets can be created from arrays, and duplicates are automatically removed upon set creation.Operations in sets like union, intersection, difference, and symmetric difference are available for efficient data manipulation.Sets support methods for adding, removing, and checking membership of elements.Use sets when uniqueness and fast membership checks are crucial, while arrays are preferred for ordered data and when duplicates hold significance.Additional resources provided for further learning on sets and Ruby programming.