<ul><li>Shallow copy in JavaScript involves copying only the top level of an object or array, not fully copying nested objects or arrays which results in changes reflecting in original as well.</li><li>Deep copy in JavaScript involves copying everything including nested objects or arrays, creating a totally separate copy from the original, preventing changes in original from affecting the copy.</li><li>Shallow copy can be achieved using methods like Object.assign() or spread operator, while deep copy can be done using JSON methods like JSON.parse(JSON.stringify()) or libraries like Lodash.</li><li>It is recommended to use shallow copy for simple objects where full separation is not needed, and deep copy for objects with nested data when a completely independent copy is required to avoid unexpected bugs.</li></ul>

Shallow Copy Vs Deep Copy

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