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The Cost of a Call: From Voice Phishing to Data Extortion
- UNC6040, a financially motivated threat cluster, specializes in voice phishing campaigns to compromise organizations' Salesforce instances for data theft and extortion.
- UNC6040's success lies in impersonating IT support personnel to trick employees into actions granting access or sharing credentials, leading to theft of data from Salesforce.
- Attackers deceive victims to authorize a malicious connected app, granting them capabilities to access and exfiltrate sensitive information from compromised Salesforce environments.
- Extortion activities often follow initial data theft, potentially involving partnerships with other threat actors to monetize stolen data.
- UNC6040 utilizes infrastructure including Okta phishing panels and Mullvad VPN IP addresses for data exfiltration and lateral movement within victim networks.
- The use of modified Data Loader applications by threat actors enables exfiltration of Salesforce data and customization to align with social engineering tactics.
- UNC6040's vishing tactics underscore a concerning trend of targeting IT support personnel for initial access, exploiting their roles in compromising enterprise data.
- Mitigations against such threats include implementing the Principle of Least Privilege, managing connected app access, enforcing IP-based restrictions, using Salesforce Shield for monitoring, and enforcing universal Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA).
- By following best practices and security measures, organizations can enhance their defenses against vishing attacks and data exfiltration campaigns like those orchestrated by UNC6040.
- The collaboration between UNC6040 and potential partners emphasizes the need for proactive security measures to combat evolving social engineering tactics.
- Organizations must remain vigilant and continuously update their security protocols to safeguard against sophisticated threats targeting cloud environments and exploiting human vulnerabilities.
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