<ul><li>There are 3 possible ways to give out 5 candies to 3 kids (Ana, Bob, Charlie) with each receiving 0, 1, or 2 candies.</li><li>The Inclusion-Exclusion Principle is a technique used in combinatorics to correctly count elements, ensuring that each element in the union is counted exactly once.</li><li>The principle involves systematically accounting for elements that are shared among different sets to compute the size of a set or the probability of complex events.</li><li>Formulas are provided for calculating the number of elements in the union of two or three sets using the Inclusion-Exclusion Principle.</li></ul>

The Inclusion-Exclusion Principle

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