Unhandled promise rejections in JavaScript can lead to silent failures, missing data, broken features, or security holes.Unlike synchronous errors, unhandled promise rejections happen asynchronously, may not crash your script, and are not always immediately visible.Adding a `.catch()` handler after a promise rejection does not retroactively fix the issue; it needs to be handled immediately.To prevent silent failures, it is crucial to attach a `.catch()` to every promise in JavaScript or use `try/catch` with `async/await`.