Data Structures: Linear data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues. Non-linear data structures include trees and graphs. Hashing is used for fast data retrieval. Specialized data structures like tries and Bloom filters are used in advanced applications.
Algorithms: Key types of algorithms include searching, sorting, divide and conquer, dynamic programming, greedy algorithms, and backtracking. Complexity analysis measures time and space complexity.
Applications of DSA: DSA is used in database management, web development, artificial intelligence, and operating systems.
Importance of Learning DSA: Learning DSA improves efficiency, problem-solving skills, and enhances career opportunities in top tech companies.