JavaScript is a dynamic, loosely-typed language that allows variables to change type at runtime.
Variables in JavaScript are containers for storing data values and can be declared using var, let, or const.
JavaScript has different data types including primitive types (string, number, boolean, null, undefined, symbol, and bigint) and reference types (object, array, and function).
Type coercion and type checking are important concepts in JavaScript to handle data type conversions and check variable types.