Unsupervised learning, specifically clustering, reveals hidden patterns in data without predefined categories or targets.
Clustering algorithms group data points based on similarities, with popular techniques like K-means, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN.
Significance of clustering includes discovering patterns, reducing data dimensionality, improving data understanding, and enabling anomaly detection.
Applications range from customer segmentation to image and document clustering, with challenges including determining optimal clusters and addressing biases.