<ul><li>JavaScript relies on powerful engines and interfaces like the V8 engine, JavaScript APIs, and the XMLHttpRequest (XHR) object in host environments.</li><li>The V8 engine, developed by Google, compiles and executes JavaScript code, including features like JIT compilation and garbage collection.</li><li>JavaScript APIs provided by host environments like web browsers offer functionalities such as DOM manipulation, timers, networking, and storage.</li><li>XMLHttpRequest (XHR) is a browser API that enables asynchronous HTTP requests, with modern alternatives like the fetch() API also gaining popularity.</li></ul>

V8 Engine, JavaScript APIs, and XMLHttpRequest (XHR)

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