This article discusses validation, authentication, and authorization in building a CRUD API with express.The importance of validating user data and the potential security risks of not doing so are highlighted.Authentication involves verifying a user's identity, usually by checking their credentials.Authorization involves determining what actions a user can and cannot perform on a platform, often determined by their level of access or permissions.The author provides validation rules for name, amount, and date, as well as functions to implement them.For authentication, the article shows how to create and log in users with email and password credentials, and generate authorization tokens.To protect endpoints, the article demonstrates how to decode and verify a user's auth token and filter data based on their userId.The article concludes by cautioning not to save raw passwords and mentions further topics to explore.