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Medium
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Voting in the Era of Blockchain: Achieving Privacy with On-chain Identity, Zero-Knowledge Proofs…
- The Cannes Film Festival is using blockchain to enhance its annual celebration of cinema with a private voting protocol using ERC7208, on-chain identity and zk-SNARKs, which is a type of non-transferable token that represents unique, personal or identity-related information.
- ERC-7208 allows a single programmable on-chain data structure that can encapsulate a wide range of data types and enforce specific rules on how that data can be used or transferred.
- Soulbound Tokens (SBTs) may represent a suitable type of non-transferable token that can cater to such use cases where the data should be bound to a specific individual or entity, such as certificates, academic achievements, professional qualifications, reputation scores and in our case on-chain identity.
- Tornado Cash is a non-custodial privacy solution, relying on zk-SNARKs, which enable private transactions and allow for proof of fund ownership without revealing the user's identity or other sensitive transaction details on-chain.
- This system leverages Soulbound tokens to create unique, non-transferable identities for each voter and uses zero-knowledge proofs for verifying voting choice without linking the identity, maintaining voter confidentiality.
- To address concerns about linking on-chain identity to the user's account, a disposable account, generated from the Secret is used as the user's private key.Each time a voter accesses the system for a new voting process, a new account is created, protecting their actual account from exposure.
- The system's Ballots are smart contracts that can receive Commitments from voters where each unique root represents one vote, facilitating vote verification process and reducing computational complexity.
- A Commitment Hash is generated by hashing together a secret and a Nullifier, both of which are random 256-bit numbers, to ensure each vote is anonymous yet verifiable.
- After voting, eligible voters can withdraw their share of profits using a valid proof for a root in the winning proposal's Ballot.
- This protocol offers a solid framework for privacy-preserving voting in a movie festival like Cannes, elections and decentralized governance.
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