Dynamic Programming (DP) is a powerful technique used to efficiently solve problems that can be divided into overlapping subproblems.
DP has real-world applications in various fields such as logistics, operating systems, and finance.
There are two main approaches in DP: Memoization and Tabulation.
Memoization is a top-down approach that uses recursion and stores results of subproblems to avoid redundancy. Tabulation is a bottom-up approach that iteratively solves subproblems and stores their results in a table.