JavaScript and Python differ in equality, type coercion, and truthy/falsy values.Variable hoisting and scoping differ between JavaScript (var, let, const) and Python.Functions in JavaScript have 'this' binding while Python uses explicit self parameter.JavaScript's default parameters and function arguments differ slightly from Python.Arrays and objects behave uniquely in JavaScript with methods like map, filter, and splice.Object keys, asynchronous JavaScript concepts (callbacks, promises, async/await), and number oddities are key differences.JavaScript has loop peculiarities with for...in, object iteration, date handling, and module systems.Common gotchas like semicolons, multiline strings, global scope leakage, and prototype inheritance are highlighted.Understanding the event loop, debugging tips, and utilizing tools like ESLint are crucial for JavaScript developers.