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30 Years of Lung Cancer: Progress and Challenges
- A recent study spanning three decades examines the global burden of tracheal, bronchial, and lung (TBL) cancer among individuals aged 70 years and above.
- The analysis reveals increasing incidence rates, mortality rates, and disability-adjusted life years associated with TBL cancers in the elderly demographic, driven by population aging and growth.
- Precision medicine breakthroughs have shown declines in cancer incidence and mortality among males but an increase in burden among females aged 70 and above.
- Geographical variation shows rising TBL cancer incidence in middle-SDI regions, East Asia, and western sub-Saharan Africa, while high-SDI regions exhibit declining trends.
- Smoking remains a primary cause of TBL cancers globally, alongside emerging concerns regarding environmental pollution's impact on respiratory health.
- Projections suggest a decline in incidence and mortality rates among males and the elderly population over the next fourteen years but persistence or increase among females.
- Precision medicine faces barriers in resource-limited settings and among older populations, necessitating equitable distribution of innovation and personalized care plans.
- Occupational exposures, air pollution, and lifestyle factors beyond smoking play significant roles in modulating lung cancer risk and disease progression.
- Multidisciplinary approaches and subgroup-specific management strategies are essential for improving outcomes in older adults with TBL cancers.
- Addressing barriers requires policy initiatives, expanded environmental health programs, improved screening accessibility, and inclusive clinical trials.
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