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60 Years Ago: Gemini III, America’s First Two-Person Flight
- On March 23, 1965, Gemini III was launched, marking America’s first two-person spaceflight with astronauts Virgil “Gus” Grissom and John Young on board.
- The mission included the first orbital maneuvers of a crewed spacecraft, demonstrating key techniques for rendezvous and docking.
- Grissom and Young safely splashed down Gemini 3 in the Atlantic Ocean, paving the way for subsequent successful Gemini missions.
- Gemini 3 mission marked the last spaceflight controlled from Cape Kennedy and shifted control to a new facility in Houston.
- Project Gemini aimed to prove techniques for the Apollo Program, including demonstrating rendezvous and docking between spacecraft.
- Grissom and Young boarded Gemini 3 on March 23, 1965, wearing their new Gemini spacesuits, and launched from Cape Kennedy.
- Gemini III completed three revolutions in orbit, conducting orbital maneuvers and testing new food and packaging developed for the mission.
- After a successful retrofire burn, the spacecraft reentered Earth’s atmosphere, deployed parachutes, and safely splashed down near Grand Turk Island.
- Grissom and Young were recovered by a helicopter, received medical checkups, spoke with President Lyndon B. Johnson, and returned to Houston for debriefings.
- Workers at the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston raised an American flag that had flown on the mission and continued to fly during subsequent Gemini missions.
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