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AI-powered tool detects residual tumour during brain surgery
- FastGlioma is an artificial intelligence-based diagnostic system that can detect residual brain tumour that’s often missed during surgery. The developers of the new FastGlioma tool, at the University of Michigan and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explain that it can predict if and the extent to which glioma remains in the brain while the surgical procedure is underway.
- FastGlioma combines rapid, easy-to-use stimulated Raman histology (SRH) optical imaging with open-source visual foundation models (artificial intelligence models trained on massive, diverse datasets that can be adapted for a wide range of tasks) to perform a 10 s analysis of fresh tissue specimens in operating room suites.
- The researchers also developed a rapid visualization strategy, called few-shot visualizations. By comparing feature similarity between the support set and the tissue sample being analysed, FastGlioma creates both a tumour-infiltration score and infiltration heat maps.
- FastGlioma could detect and quantify the degree of tumour infiltration with an average accuracy of 92.1%. The tool maintained accurate tumour-infiltration scores despite significant cytological and histoarchitectural differences related to tumour grade, molecular genetics, treatment effect or WHO subtypes.
- Another benefit is that the analytic speed of FastGlioma provides a rapid and scalable alternative to conventional intraoperative pathology methods.
- FastGlioma significantly outperformed conventional methods, with only a 3.8% tumour miss rate, compared with a 24% miss rate.
- The researchers also note that FastGlioma can accurately detect residual tumour for several non-glioma brain tumours.
- Future research will focus on applying a similar workflow to other human cancers, including lung, prostate, head-and-neck and breast cancer.
- FastGlioma represents the transformative potential of medical foundation models to unlock the role of artificial intelligence in care of patients with cancer.
- In a prospective multicentre clinical study, principal investigators trained and validated FastGlioma to detect microscopic tumour infiltration in an international cohort of patients.
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