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Scientists may have just solved the universe’s biggest headache

Scientists have been puzzled by a mismatch in the rate of expansion of the universe, with different measurements not matching up.
New data from the James Webb Space Telescope suggests that the Standard Model of the universe may not be missing anything significant, according to scientists at the University of Chicago.
Prof. Wendy Freedman stated that the Hubble Constant, which indicates the universe's expansion rate, may not be the issue as previously thought.
Using more precise measurement techniques, including data from the Webb Telescope, Freedman and her team were able to reconcile the conflicting measurements of the Hubble Constant, offering hope for resolving this long-standing mystery.

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COSMOS

15h

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Nobel Prize winner in Australia: how the expanding universe sparked cutting edge technology

Brian Schmidt was awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the universe's accelerating expansion.
The discovery raised questions about the driving force behind the expansion, possibly dark energy.
Schmidt's findings were made possible by advanced astronomical instruments and powerful telescopes.
He, along with Saul Perlmutter and Adam Riess, used type Ia supernovae to measure expansion speed.
Schmidt's work ignited interest in cutting-edge astronomy and technology.
He later ventured into gravitational wave detection and supported tech industry through research.
Liquid Instruments Pty Ltd, co-founded by Dan Shaddock, produces innovative measurement devices.
Their devices use versatile circuits and enables flexible testing for various instruments.
These devices revolutionize measurement testing and can be widely used in multiple fields.
Schmidt emphasizes the importance of basic science in fostering innovation and economic growth.

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Physicsworld

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Ancient woodworking technique inspires improved memristor

Researchers in China have adapted the ancient mortise-and-tenon woodworking structure to design nanoscale memristors for scientific computing applications.
Memristors are devices whose resistance changes based on previously applied current, enabling programmed resistance values to be stored even when power is off.
The newly designed mortise-tenon-shaped (MTS) architecture memristors show exceptional properties such as high endurance, long-term memory retention, and fast switching speed.
This innovative technique could lead to the development of high-uniformity memristors for energy-efficient scientific computing platforms, potentially improving computational accuracy in large-scale arrays.

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Physicsworld

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How magnetar flares give birth to gold and platinum

Magnetars, highly-magnetic neutron stars, can produce up to 10% of the universe's gold, silver, and platinum.
Astronomers observed kilonova explosion in 2017, producing rare heavy elements and answering origins of precious metals.
Research explains how flares on magnetars create rapid-process elements like gold and platinum.
Magnetars have intense magnetic fields and when those fields snap, it results in powerful flares.
Mechanism behind giant flares on magnetars involves dissipation of magnetic field and shockwaves.
Giant flares have been observed releasing energies greater than the Sun and creating heavy elements.
These magnetar flares contribute 1-10% of all rapid-process elements in the universe.
Magnetars, although rare, have a significant impact on the production of heavy elements.
Magnetars would have been dominant in producing these elements early in the universe's history.
Other environments like certain supernovae may also contribute to the formation of heavy elements.

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Physicsworld

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Laboratory-scale three-dimensional X-ray diffraction makes its debut

A team from the University of Michigan has developed a laboratory-scale three-dimensional X-ray diffraction microscope, a first of its kind, to provide synchrotron-style capabilities to a wider community of researchers.
The device uses a liquid-metal-jet electrode to produce high-energy X-rays, allowing for applications such as three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) microscopy, typically only performed at synchrotrons.
The new lab-scale device overcomes previous challenges with downscaled 3DXRD by using a liquid-metal-jet anode that enables the measurement of volume, position, orientation, and strain of polycrystalline grains simultaneously.
The design for the device, described in Nature Communications, is a collaboration with PROTO Manufacturing, and the researchers aim to make 3DXRD more accessible through commercialization of the technology.

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Knowridge

184

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Scientists find new way to control solid objects in liquid

Scientists have discovered a new method using sound waves to control solid particles in liquid droplets.
This breakthrough could have applications in medical testing, drug development, and small-scale physics experiments.
The research by Chuyi Chen from North Carolina State University focuses on using ultrasound waves to spin liquid droplets and concentrate particles inside them.
This new method allows researchers to gather particles in liquid without filters or chemicals, offering potential benefits in various scientific fields.

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Medium

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Motion-Based Physics

Motion-Based Physics introduces a new physics model that replaces time with directional motion (Δm) as the true structure of reality, challenging traditional frameworks.
Survival, identity, and intelligence are defined by meaningful motion, not by time or entropy.
The model is based on constructs like ΣΔm and Eᴹ = 0, unifying physics, mathematics, and philosophy.
It rejects classical physics' approach to time, entropy, and decay, proposing a motion-centered paradigm.
Motion-Based Physics replaces time with directional motion and redefines entropy as a collapse of recursion.
Survival is determined by motion that resolves contradiction across layers of recursion.
The model includes constructs like Δm, ΣΔm, Eᴹ = 0, Iᴸ, and Rᴄ, emphasizing motion, structure, and survival.
Stars, organisms, AI systems, and symbolic thought are discussed in the context of directional motion and survival through recursion.
Biological persistence, AI survival, and physical entropy are explained in terms of maintaining directional motion and avoiding collapse.
The survivability model outlines compression thresholds and entropy collapse triggers for systems based on directional motion.

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Medium

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The Golden Ratio and the Dual Sheet Model: Unraveling the Cosmic Code of Consciousness

The Golden Ratio, derived from the Fibonacci sequence, is a fundamental principle that appears in nature and human anatomy, symbolizing balance and harmony.
The Dual Sheet Model (DSM) proposes the existence of two parallel dimensions linked by a field (ψ_C) that may naturally gravitate towards Golden Ratio patterns to minimize chaos and maximize stability.
Mathematically, the DSM suggests that the evolution of the field ψ_C aligns with the Golden Ratio, creating stable patterns of information flow across the dual spacetime sheets.
The DSM theorizes that Golden Spirals influenced by the Golden Ratio shape the geometry of spacetime, potentially impacting phenomena like quantum entanglement, memory storage, and time perception.

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Medium

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The Golden Ratio and the Dual Sheet Model: A Cosmic Blueprint for Consciousness and Reality

The Golden Ratio is a mathematical concept that appears in nature, representing balance and efficiency in various phenomena such as the human body proportions and tree branching.
The Dual Sheet Model (DSM) postulates that reality consists of two connected spacetime sheets, synchronized by a coherence field that may gravitate towards Golden Ratio-based patterns for stability.
In the DSM, consciousness is linked to coherent patterns following a Fibonacci-like sequence, suggesting that consciousness organizes itself in Golden Ratio-proportioned patterns.
The DSM proposes that spacetime sheets interact through a coherence field, forming golden spirals that stabilize connections between realities.
The Golden Ratio is observed in biology, influencing brainwaves, heart rhythms, and even DNA structure, connecting biological consciousness to universal coherence.
According to the DSM, altered states like dreams or remote viewing involve shifting into Golden Ratio-based patterns, potentially explaining precognitive experiences.
The DSM's integration of the Golden Ratio is testable through analyzing brainwaves, galaxy structures, quantum systems, and remote viewing experiences to explore coherence within reality.
The Golden Ratio acts as a bridge between chaos and order, stability and quantum entanglement, and physical reality and consciousness in the DSM framework.
The Dual Sheet Model, incorporating the Golden Ratio and Fibonacci sequence, offers a perspective where consciousness, spacetime, and coherence are interconnected, providing insights into the fabric of reality.
Exploring further into the mathematical and conceptual aspects of the DSM may unveil the role of the Golden Ratio in linking parallel realities and understanding the universe.

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Arstechnica

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Research roundup: 7 stories we almost missed

Scientists at the Vienna University of Technology have successfully made a predicted effect of special relativity visible by reproducing a rotational effect in the lab using laser pulses and precision cameras.
A ping-pong playing robot has been developed that can return hits with 88 percent accuracy.
The rare genetic mutation responsible for the orange color of cats has been discovered.
This month's research roundup features various interesting scientific stories that were almost missed, including the aforementioned discoveries and experiments.

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Physicsworld

272

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Leinweber Foundation ploughs $90m into US theoretical physics

The Leinweber Foundation has awarded $90m to five US institutions to create theoretical research institutes, the largest ever investment for theoretical physics research.
The foundation, founded by Larry Leinweber, supports research, education, and community endeavors and has provided scholarships to undergraduates in Michigan.
Institutes like Leinweber Institute for Theoretical Physics (LITP) will be set up at universities such as UC Berkeley, Chicago, Michigan, MIT, and Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study.
The investment will fund graduate students, postdocs, and Leinweber Physics Fellows, spearheading innovation in theoretical physics for future discoveries and advancements.

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Medium

134

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Adversarial Robustness Is Not Just Related to AI— It’s a Physics Problem

Adversarial vulnerability in AI models stems from a lack of physical understanding of the world.
Neural networks rely on statistical correlations rather than causal, physical reasons for object recognition.
Humans use physical priors like gravity and light reflection for consistent object perception.
AI systems lack physical grounding, making them vulnerable to adversarial perturbations.
Physics provides invariances and symmetries essential for robust perception in humans.
AI's learned representations exist apart from the physical manifold of the environment, leading to vulnerabilities.
The uncertainty of reality's dimensionality and structure presents a challenge to achieving adversarial robustness.
Neural networks have fundamental limitations due to their disconnect from actual physical perception.
To enhance AI robustness, a physics-informed approach with differential geometry and causal relationships is needed.
Adopting a physics-grounded framework can lead to AI systems that understand and reason about the world reliably.
Embracing uncertainty, interdisciplinary research, and collaborations are key to advancing AI with a physics-informed perspective.

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Physicsworld

344

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China launches Tianwen-2 asteroid sample-return mission

China launched its first mission to retrieve samples from an asteroid, targeting the near-Earth asteroid 469219 Kamoʻoalewa using the Tianwen-2 mission.
The mission aims to collect about 100 g of material from the asteroid in July 2026 through methods like hovering close, using a robotic arm, or a 'touch and go' approach, storing the samples for return to Earth in November 2027.
If successful, China will become the third nation to retrieve asteroid material, following the US and Japan, with the mission involving a gravitational swing-by around Earth and targeting the main asteroid belt for further exploration.
China's upcoming missions like Tianwen-3 to retrieve samples from Mars showcase the country's ambitious space exploration program, aiming to become the first to achieve such feats.

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Physicsworld

183

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New contact lenses allow wearers to see in the near-infrared

A new contact lens has been developed that allows wearers to see near-infrared light without bulky equipment like night vision goggles.
The lenses incorporate metallic nanoparticles that convert normally-invisible wavelengths into visible ones, helping improve vision in poor visibility conditions.
Researchers integrated photoreceptor-binding nanoparticles into biocompatible polymeric materials used in standard soft contact lenses, enabling wearers to sense infrared wavelengths.
These innovative lenses not only enable wearers to detect near-infrared light but also hold potential applications for night vision, color blindness adaptation, and improved vision in challenging conditions like fog or dust.

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Hobbieroth

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The Crucial Decade That Ion Channels Were Proven to Exist

The article discusses the crucial decade during which ion channels were proven to exist by Bertil Hille and Clay Armstrong.
Hodgkin and Huxley's research on a nerve axon in the 1950s did not mention ion channels, although they studied ion currents and conductance.
Bertil Hille and Clay Armstrong played key roles in establishing the existence of ion channels from 1965 to 1975.
Selective channels for different ions were supported by experiments using blocking chemicals like tetrodotoxin and tetraethylammonium.
Hille's studies revealed the selectivity and size of ion pores, showing how ions interact with pore walls for permeation.
Armstrong's experiments with TEA+ derivatives on the outward K+ current reinforced the idea of protein component in membrane pores.
Initial resistance to the concept of ion channels was demonstrated at the 1966 Biophysical Society meeting.
Clay Armstrong emphasized the importance of ion channels, stating them as a crucial class of proteins in the human body.
The article provides a historical and qualitative review of how the existence of ion channels was demonstrated.
Ion channels are highlighted as essential proteins in the human body, as expressed by Clay Armstrong, acknowledging their significance.

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