In June 2025, Apple's research team released a paper titled 'The Illusion of Thinking' on the eve of WWDC, challenging the concept of 'thinking.'
The study, conducted by prominent researchers, explored the limitations of large reasoning models (LRMs) in AI research.
The researchers found that LRMs excel in a narrow range of puzzles but struggle with simpler tasks and more complex challenges.
LRMs simulate internal reasoning by chaining thoughts token by token, but their performance falters outside a specific range.
Apple's paper signifies a strategic shift rather than an apology, indicating a focus on on-device privacy, human-centric quality, and deploying reliable AI tools.