<ul><li>Many industrial processes, including those producing aluminum and “green” hydrogen, use electrodes to speed up chemical reactions.</li><li>Bubbles that form on the electrode reduce its efficiency by blocking parts of the electrode.</li><li>A recent study shows that only the electrode area in direct contact with the bubble is blocked, not the entire shaded area.</li><li>Nanotextured electrodes with many spots for bubble formation actually perform better than smooth electrodes because the bubble contact area is smaller.</li></ul>

Blocking Bubbles

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