Transformers models like ByteNet, ConvS2S had long-term dependency issues before introducing self-attention in 'Attention Is All You Need'.Self-attention, a key concept in Transformers, captures relations within input sequences, unlike CNNs and RNNs.The Transformer model relies significantly on self-attention for processing sequences and improving accuracy.The model structure includes encoder and decoder parts, where encoder encodes data and decoder decodes it.Embedding converts words to numerical form for the machine to understand and learn patterns.Key components in Transformers include MultiHead Attention, Masked MultiHead Attention, Feed Forward Neural Network, etc.In MultiHead Attention, attention allows focusing on relevant words in a sentence by assigning different weights.Scaled Dot-Product Attention computes attention scores by performing dot products, scaling, and applying softmax.Layer Normalization stabilizes training by normalizing activations within each layer independently across all features.In the encoder architecture, embeddings go through multihead attention, layer normalization, and feedforward layers.