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Breakthroughs in Diagnostics and Treatments for Cancer of Unknown Primary in the Precision Medicine Era
- Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) poses a significant challenge in oncology, representing 2-5% of malignancies with an elusive diagnosis and poor prognosis.
- Historically, empirical chemotherapy has been the primary treatment for CUP, lacking customization based on tumor origin.
- Advances in molecular profiling have improved diagnostic precision for CUP, exceeding 90% accuracy and enabling tailored therapies.
- The Fudan CUP-001 trial demonstrated that site-specific therapy based on molecular diagnostics prolongs progression-free survival significantly.
- Immunotherapeutic strategies, like the Fudan CUP-002 trial combining immune checkpoint inhibition and chemotherapy, have shown promise in CUP management.
- Challenges in CUP management include trial variability and the need for consensus on diagnostic and therapeutic standards.
- Future research focuses on revolutionary diagnostic frameworks, integrating multi-omics data and liquid biopsy technologies for personalized medicine in CUP.
- Liquid biopsy technologies offer non-invasive tumor monitoring and real-time disease evolution tracking, vital in managing the aggressive nature of CUP.
- The transformative era for CUP involves innovative clinical trial designs, biomarker-driven stratification, and adaptive trials to accelerate therapeutic advancements.
- Precision-guided therapies in CUP hold promise in extending survival and enhancing quality of life, signaling renewed hope for patients.
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