<ul><li>Building energy modeling combines physics-based and data-driven models for optimizing the operation of building energy systems.</li><li>Hybrid approaches are being explored, where physics-based model output is used as additional input for data-driven models.</li><li>A real-world case study on indoor thermodynamics evaluates four predominant hybrid approaches in building energy modeling.</li><li>The study reveals that hybrid approaches perform better with greater building documentation and sensor availability and hierarchical Shapley values are effective for explaining and improving the models.</li></ul>

Combining Physics-based and Data-driven Modeling for Building Energy Systems

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