Context switching refers to the process of switching between the SQL and PL/SQL engines in Oracle databases.
When executing SQL queries, if a query calls a PL/SQL function, control switches from the SQL engine to the PL/SQL engine and back once the function completes.
Context switching can introduce overhead and impact performance, especially if the function is called repeatedly in a query processing many rows.
To minimize the impact of context switching, consider using inline functions, reducing the number of function calls, and utilizing techniques like Pipelined Table Functions or bulk processing.