A Common Table Expression (CTE) is a temporary workspace that keeps things organized in SQL queries.
A correlated subquery is a subquery that relies on the outer query for help and gets executed repeatedly for each row in the outer query.
CTEs are useful for reusing data and improving query clarity, while correlated subqueries are suitable for quick, row-specific checks with small data sets.
When choosing between CTEs and correlated subqueries, consider factors such as query clarity, data size, reusability, and performance.